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Conventional
wisdom has it that a healthy horse, fed a common sense diet of good
quality grain and hay, does not need supplements. That may not always
be true. Consider the following scenarios:
Example:
A mature 1,100 pound horse, receiving 25 pounds a day (half oats,
half timothy hay by weight) and free choice trace mineralized salt.
Sounds like an adequate ration in many respects, but this horse
is probably running a deficit in two trace minerals, zinc and copper
and the horse is borderline on calcium intake.
Example:
Same horse put on a corn-alfalfa diet, still a half-and-half mixture
totaling 25 pounds per day. Free access to the trace mineralized
salt continues. Copper is sufficient now but the zinc deficiency
persists, manganese and thiamin (Vitamin B-1) are in short supply.
Although,
these deficiencies are below N.R.C. minimum levels, many of the
horses have thrived on similar diets and even less. When you buy
a vitamin/mineral supplement you buy insurance for your horse unless:
Your horse has a specifically known deficiency.
Your veterinarian has diagnosed a nutrition related disease.
You know your soil is lacking in some vital mineral.
This insurance becomes a “Good Buy” especially when
you are feeding a growing youngster, a mare in foal or lactating,
a performance horse that is transported or shown. Considering the
cost of feeding a fortified feed, a good basic ration supplemented
with a good vitamin/mineral supplement is usually the least cost
ration.
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To
assure your satisfaction, the following information will be helpful:
1) Start with 1/4 of the recommended amount for several days and
then work up slowly so that your horse can adjust to the new taste.
2) Should your horse not consume the recommended amount, try mixing
it with moistened grain or pellets.
3) It is not unusual for horses to need less feed when properly
supplemented. Watch your horse’s feed consumption and feed
less hay, if necessary, to keep the horse eating the supplement.
4) If your horse consumes large amounts of quality forages, you
can cut Select back to 2/3 of the recommended feed rate. Always
feed the recommended rate to mares in gestation or lactation and
to younger stock. Allow all horses at least ninety (90) days at
full feed rate before doing any adjustment.
5) Over many years of field testing
this formula has been well accepted
by almost all horses. Occasionally
horses will reduce consumption of
any supplement.
6) Any of the following can affect the consumption of Select I™
and Select II™:
a.
Feed changes, including quantity or quality.
b.
Change in water supply, cleanliness or temperature.
c.
The horses health.
d.
Temperature and weather.
e.
Reduced activity or overfeeding.
Select I™ and Select II™ does not compromise the potency
or quality of this formula for palatability. All horses will consume
the recommended amount if the other feedstuffs are properly controlled.
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Nutritional
Information
Guaranteed Analysis: |
| |
Per
lb |
Per 3 oz |
| Crude Protein (min) |
18% |
18%
|
| Lysine |
1.4% |
1.4% |
| Crude Fat (min) |
6% |
6% |
| Crude Fiber (max) |
8% |
8% |
| Ash (max) |
44% |
44%
|
| Vitamins |
|
|
| Vitamin A (min) |
266,666
I.U. |
50,000
I.U. |
| Vitamin D (min) |
21,333
I.U. |
4,000
I.U. |
| Vitamin E (min) |
800
I.U. |
150
I.U. |
| Riboflavin (min) |
266
mg |
50
mg |
| Niacin (min) |
666
mg |
125
mg |
| Choline (min) |
1,333
mg |
250
mg |
| d-Panthothetic Acid (min) |
480
mg |
90 mg |
| Pyridoxine (min) |
53
mg |
10
mg |
| Thiamin (min) |
213
mg |
40
mg |
| Folic Acid (min) |
200
mg |
35
mg |
| Menadione (min) |
42
mg |
8 mg |
| Ascorbic Acid (min) |
160
mg |
30
mg |
| Biotin (min) |
26.5
mg |
5 mg |
| Vitamin B12 |
1.6
mg |
.3
mg |
| Beta-Carotene (min) |
48
mg |
9 mg
|
| Amino Acids |
|
|
| Lysine |
6,400
mg |
1,200
mg |
| Minerals |
|
|
| Calcium (max) |
.69% |
588
mg |
| Calcium (min) |
.59% |
500
mg |
| Salt (max) |
13.5% |
11,492
mg |
| Salt (min) |
12.5% |
10,641
mg |
| Phosphorus (min) |
8.80% |
7,500
mg |
| Sodium (min) |
9.40% |
8,000
mg |
| Potassium (min) |
1.80% |
1,525
mg |
| Iron (min) |
.30% |
250
mg |
| Copper (min) |
.175% |
150
mg |
| Zinc (min) |
.41% |
350
mg |
| Magnesium (min) |
.61% |
525
mg |
| Cobalt (min) |
.0023% |
2
mg |
| Iodine (min) |
.0023% |
2
mg |
| Manganese (min) |
.304% |
260
mg |
| Selenium (min) |
.0028% |
2.4
mg |
| Direct
Fed Microbials
|
| Lactobacillus acidophilus |
600,000
cfu/lb* |
113,000
cfu/lb* |
| Bifidobacterium thermophilum
|
600,000
cfu/lb* |
113,000
cfu/lb* |
| Streptococcus faecium |
600,000
cfu/lb* |
113,000
cfu/lb* |
Nutritional
Information
Guaranteed Analysis: |
| |
Per
lb |
Per 3 oz |
| Crude Protein (min) |
18% |
18%
|
| Lysine |
1.4% |
1.4% |
| Crude Fat (min) |
6% |
6% |
| Crude Fiber (max) |
8% |
8% |
| Ash (max) |
44% |
44%
|
| Vitamins |
|
|
| Vitamin A (min) |
266,666
I.U. |
50,000
I.U. |
| Vitamin D (min) |
21,333
I.U. |
4,000
I.U. |
| Vitamin E (min) |
800
I.U. |
150
I.U. |
| Riboflavin (min) |
266
mg |
50
mg |
| Niacin (min) |
666
mg |
125
mg |
| Choline (min) |
1,333
mg |
250
mg |
| d-Panthothetic Acid (min) |
480
mg |
90 mg |
| Pyridoxine (min) |
53
mg |
10
mg |
| Thiamin (min) |
213
mg |
40
mg |
| Folic Acid (min) |
200
mg |
35
mg |
| Menadione (min) |
42
mg |
8 mg |
| Ascorbic Acid (min) |
160
mg |
30
mg |
| Biotin (min) |
26.5
mg |
5 mg |
| Vitamin B12 |
1.6
mg |
.3
mg |
| Beta-Carotene (min) |
48
mg |
9 mg
|
| Amino Acids |
|
|
| Lysine |
6,612
mg |
1,240
mg |
| Minerals |
|
|
| Calcium (max) |
9.7% |
8,400
mg |
| Calcium (min) |
8.7%
|
7,500
mg |
| Salt (max) |
13.5% |
11,492
mg |
| Salt (min) |
12.5% |
10,641
mg |
| Phosphorus (min) |
6.1% |
5,200
mg |
| Sodium (min) |
5.1% |
4,400
mg |
| Potassium (min) |
1.7% |
1,500
mg |
| Iron (min) |
.64% |
550
mg |
| Copper (min) |
.17% |
150
mg |
| Zinc (min) |
.41% |
350
mg |
| Magnesium (min) |
.81% |
700
mg |
| Cobalt (min) |
.0023% |
2 mg |
| Iodine (min) |
.0023% |
2 mg |
| Manganese (min) |
.30% |
260
mg |
| Selenium (min) |
.0028% |
2.4
mg |
| Direct
Fed Microbials
|
| Lactobacillus acidophilus |
600,000
cfu/lb* |
113,000
cfu/lb* |
| Bifidobacterium thermophilum
|
600,000
cfu/lb* |
113,000
cfu/lb* |
| Streptococcus faecium |
600,000
cfu/lb* |
113,000
cfu/lb* |
Select
I™ and Select II™ and Mare
& Foal I™ and II™
Select
Vitamin and Mineral Supplements are formulated specifically for
the ration you are feeding your horse, be it an adult or a foal.
If you are feeding alfalfa to your horse, Select I™ will
balance your Ca:P ratio. It will also supply all the other vitamins
and minerals required to keep your adult horse functioning properly.
If
you are feeding grain hay, grass hay, or on pasture, then Select
II™ is the right product for your horse. This formula will
give the extra calcium and phosphorus to guarantee adequate levels
for your horse’s metabolism.
Broodmares present a special situation. During the last trimester
of pregnancy, a mare needs even more calcium, phosphorus, copper,
and zinc. You should increase her daily dose of Select (either
Select I™ or Select II™ depending on your feeding program)
during the last trimester up to 3 scoops (4.5 ounces) per day.
Adding up to one-half pound (8 ounces) per head/day of Mare &
Foal (either I or II to match the Select I™ or Select II™
you are using) will insure that optimum levels of essential minerals
are available to her fetus.
Mare & Foal is a special formulation of just those minerals
that were determined most critical in O.S.U.'s research. Mare
& Foal is not a complete supplement by itself. Select I™
or Select II™ is the broad spectrum vitamin-mineral supplement,
and should always be fed with Mare & Foal.
No other supplement provides as high a level of the required vitamins
and minerals as Select I™ and Select II™ and Mare &
Foal. Also to guarantee freshness and optimum potency, Select
I™ and Select II™ have open dating on each container.
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Select
I™ and Select II™ are made using the finest ingredients
of the highest bio-availability, no “secret” or “super”
ingredients. Select I™ and Select II™ formulas are good,
sound nutrition based on university research and data provided by
the National Research Council. Select I™ and Select II™
formulas provide significant amounts of nutrients in a proper balance.
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| Why
two formulas: Select I™ and Select II™? |
| |
Your
horse better utilizes calcium and phosphorus when they are fed in
certain ratios. Alfalfa hay is high in calcium and low in phosphorus,
so a high phosphorus supplement like Select I™ is required
when you feed alfalfa hay. Grass hay is low in calcium and phosphorus,
so Select II™ is required to properly supplement grass hay
or pasture rations. Now you can correctly supplement for the type
of hay you are feeding rather than using a shotgun approach for
all hays.
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Beta-carotene
is an important antioxidant and related to reproduction efficiency.
It is the natural precursor to Vitamin A and a horse’s only
natural access to that vitamin. Because beta-carotene is rapidly
destroyed by light and heat, most equine rations may not contain
enough of this important nutrient. Pasture is the primary source
of beta-carotene for horses. Baled hay stored for as little as
160 days has little or no detectable beta-carotene. Unfortunately,
grains are naturally low in beta-carotene as well. Beta-carotene
is important because it is stored in the ovarian cell and has
a positive affect on reproduction.
Selenium and Vitamin E function jointly in protecting body tissues
from oxidation induced damage. Selenium has a sparing effect on
Vitamin E by making it more efficient. Almost two thirds
of the soils in the United States, and the resulting pasture and
hay produced from those areas, are deficient in selenium.
Calcium and phosphorus are minerals required in the greatest amount
in the horse’s ration. These need to be supplied at a ratio
of approximately two parts calcium to one part phosphorus. Most
grass hay based rations are very low in calcium and out of balance
with phosphorus. Inversely, alfalfa based rations do not contain
enough phosphorus. Copper, zinc, and manganese are key trace minerals
related to foal development. Unfortunately, copper, and zinc are
commonly deficient in most rations.
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| Why
does Select I™ and Select II™ have expired dating? |
| |
There
is no way to determine, from the appearance of a product its vitamin
potency. Equine vitamin and minerals are not different from their
human counterparts, when you mix the two together you rapidly
deplete the vitamin potency. After sixteen (16) months the fat
soluble vitamins (A, D & E) and beta-carotene, are far below
guaranteed levels. For this reason Select I™ and Select II™
have expiration dating, eleven (11) months from the date of manufacture.
This insures that Select I™ and Select II™ meets the
guaranteed levels of vitamins.
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| Do I need
to feed my horse biotin? |
| |
This water
soluble vitamin is a co-enzyme required in the production of fatty
acids, protein and glucose. Although biotin naturally occurs in
feeds it is not found in adequate levels for hoof development. Biotin
supplementation can improve hoof strength and growth over an extended
period of time, usually six (6) months. Areas of the hoof most benefited
by biotin are the hoof wall, sole, frog, and white line junction1,2.
Select I™ and Select II™ supply 5 mgs. per day of biotin.
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| What are proteinate
minerals? |
| |
Minerals can
be either in an organic or inorganic form. Organic forms (also called
proteinates) are chemically bonded to amino acids. Organic minerals
are more bio-available for your horse than inorganic forms like
sulfates and oxides. Select I™ and Select II™ provide
a computerized balance of these organic and inorganic trace minerals. |
| How does Diamond
V Yeast Culture™ help my horse? |
| |
Diamond
V Yeast Culture™ has been proven to: |
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Improve
fiber digestion in the horse. (Allowing your horse to get the
maximum nutritional content from its hay ration.)
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Improve
hemoglobin and packed cell volume in exercising horses (a blood
builder). |
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Improved
growth rate in foals (bigger and stronger babies quicker).
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Decrease
in lactic acid levels in conditioned exercised horses
(improved performance). |
| When feeding
Select I™ and Select II™ will I see a difference in
my horse? |
| |
Select
I™ and II™ are rich in fatty acids, especially linoleic
acid which promote the growth of exceptionally healthy, lustrous
hair, mane, and tail. There should be a noticeable improvement
in the coat within one (1) month.
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| Direct-fed
Microbials and Nutrient Utilization |
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Found
in the digestive system of the horse, microbials, can range
in the billions of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and yeasts. Select
I™ and Select II™ provide important microbes, Lactobacillus,
Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus and enzymes, in a coated prill.
This ensures that the microbes are delivered viable and in quantity
when they reach the digestive tract where they are needed. Horses
use microbes as bio-factories to synthesize vital nutrients
and combat stress. Stables and barns are microbe sterile environments,
which compounds the problem by reducing the source of these
beneficial microbes. Additionally, broad spectrum wormers and
antibiotics combat not only the pathogens and parasites causing
illness, but can affect the beneficial microbes as well. A variety
of other behavioral stresses, including transport, competition,
and breeding, can be just as disruptive to gut microbes as chemical
treatments. Geriatric horses are more susceptible to microbial
deficiencies because of their sensitivity to changes in diet,
weather, and routines.
With
a modest amount of nutritional background, and a little common
sense, the average horse person can quickly determine the need
to supplement their horse’s feed ration. The key concepts
to focus on are feeding balanced nutrients (improper amounts
can even block or bind the affects of other trace minerals or
vitamins) and supplementing comprehensively (multi-vitamin mineral
with amino acids, utilizing all key nutrients for the hoof).
Sources
1.)
Comben, N.R.J.Clark & D.J.B. Sutherland. 1984. Clinical
observations on the response of equine hoof defects to dietary
supplementation with biotin. Vet. Rec. 115:642
2.)
J.Linden, H.Josseck, W Zender, H. Geyer, and J. Schulze,
The Effect of D-Biotin Supplementation on Hoof Condition in
Lipizzaner Horses, et al. 1993
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| Select I™
Label Information |
| |
Vitamin and
Mineral supplement for horses receiving alfalfa hay. |
| |
Feed
2 oz. per head per day to horses under 300 lbs in weight.
Feed 3 oz. per head per day to horses over 300 lbs in weight.
Feed 4.5 oz. to horses in last 1/3 of gestation and first 1/3
of lactation.
Note: One scoop (enclosed) = 1.5 oz. or 42.53 grams.
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Ground
extruded whole soybeans, Monosodium phosphate, Salt, Potassium
chloride, Calcium carbonate, Rice hulls, Iron sulfate, Magnesium
oxide, Copper sulfate, L-Lysine, d-Biotin, Choline chloride,
Manganese oxide, Zinc oxide, dl-Alpha-tocopheryl acetate (source
of Vitamin E), Vitamin B-12 supplement, Niacin supplement,
Sodium selenite 2%, d-Cal pantothenate, Vitamin A acetate
in gelatin beadlet, Zinc proteinate, Iron proteinate, Manganese
proteinate, Riboflavin supplement, Thiamin mononitrate, Folic
acid, Ascorbic acid (source of Vitamin C), Copper proteinate,
Menadione sodium bisulfate complex (source of Vitamin K activity),
Cobalt carbonate, Pyridoxine hydrochloride, Yeast culture
dehydrate, dried Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product,
dried Lactobacillus casei fermentation product, dried Lactobacillus
lactis fermentation product, dried Lactobacillus fermentum
fermentation product, dried Lactobacillus plantaruim fermentation
product, dried Bifidobacterium bifidum fermentation product,
dried Streptococcus diacetylactis fermentation product, dried
Enterococcus faecium fermentation product, dried Whey, Sodium
sulfate, Sodium silico aluminate, D-activated animal sterol
(source of Vitamin D-3), Ethylenediamine dihydriodide (EDDI),
and Tertiary butyl hydroquinone (used to preserve freshness)
*Cfu = Colony forming units per lb. |
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| Select
II™ Label Information |
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Vitamin
and Mineral supplement for horses on grass hay blends.
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Feed
2 oz. per head per day to horses under 300 lbs in weight.
Feed 3 oz. per head per day to horses over 300 lbs in weight.
Feed 4.5 oz. to horses in last 1/3 of gestation and first
1/3 of lactation.
Note: One scoop (enclosed) = 1.5 oz.
or 42.53 grams.
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Ground
extruded whole soybeans, Dicalcium phosphate, Salt, Potassium
chloride, Calcium carbonate, Rice hulls, Iron sulfate, Magnesium
oxide, Copper sulfate, L-Lysine, d-Biotin, Choline chloride,
Manganese oxide, Zinc oxide, dl-Alpha-tocopheryl acetate (source
of Vitamin E), Vitamin B-12 supplement, Niacin supplement,
Sodium selenite 2%, d-Cal pantothenate, Vitamin A acetate
in gelatin beadlet, Zinc proteinate, Iron proteinate, Manganese
proteinate, Riboflavin supplement, Thiamin mononitrate, Folic
acid, Ascorbic acid (source of Vitamin C), Copper proteinate,
Menadione sodium bisulfate complex (source of Vitamin K activity),
Cobalt carbonate, Pyridoxine hydrochloride, Yeast culture
dehydrated, dried Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product,
dried Lactobacillus casei fermentation product, dried Lactobacillus
lactis fermentation product, dried Lactobacillus fermentum
fermentation product, dried Lactobacillus plantaruim fermentation
product, dried Bifidobacterium bifidum fermentation product,
dried Streptococcus diacetylactis fermentation product, dried
Enterococcus faecium fermentation product, dried Whey, Sodium
sulfate, Sodium silico aluminate, D-activated animal sterol
(source of Vitamin D-3), Ethylenediamine dihydriodide (EDDI),
and Tertiary butyl hydroquinone (used to preserve freshness)
*Cfu = Colony forming units per lb.
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 |
 |
 |
| Column
A: The
minerals contained in basic ration, without supplementation.
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| Column
B: The minimum mineral level
recommended by Ohio State University’s research. |
| Column
C: The adjusted mineral level
after adding the proper amounts of Select and Mare & Foal.
Select I™ (3 oz.) and Mare & Foal I™ (8 oz.)
were added to Rations I and III. Select II™ (3 oz.) and
Mare & Foal II™ (8 oz.) were added to Rations II
and IV. |
Note
how all the rations were improved when Select and Mare &
Foal were added. Select and Mare & Foal can be
used with any good, basic nutritional program, and we prove
it.
The only feed problem we haven’t addressed is Creep
feeding the foal. Simple is better, nothing fancy is needed.
Clean out the foal’s feeder daily and make sure mom
can’t gobble up the foal’s dinner. As the foal
eats more food, he’ll take less milk. Begin offering
high protein forage slowly, so the foal has time to build
up the enzymes and bacteria required to digest this new
food source. Alfalfa pellets or hay offer high protein and
amino acid levels, plus the extra calcium required for strong
bones. Once the foal is weaned and eating feed, add Select
I™ or Select II™ per label directions.
Continue supplementation for at least 3 months. No other
vitamin/mineral supplements are needed.
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